In the past few decades, biotechnological and biomedical research has developed rapidly. Bioethics deals with the impact and influence of precisely these developments on individuals and society. In particular, genetic engineering and methods of reproductive medicine are the subject of public debate from an ethical and moral viewpoint.
Merck has been using genetic engineering in medical research since the 1980s. Without genetic engineering, the foundation of biotechnology, the greatest advances achieved in treating a number of serious diseases in recent years would not have been possible. Today, many of Merck’s most important drugs are produced using this technology.
In 2010, Merck Serono generated around 61% of its sales with its five top-selling biopharmaceuticals. In medical biotechnology, Merck has research sites in Darmstadt, Geneva and Boston. To expand its leading position, Merck is currently expanding Europe’s most modern biotechnology manufacturing facility in Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland.
In Chemicals research in Darmstadt, genetically modified organisms are also used as tools to manufacture complex molecules. These molecules are produced exclusively in a special safety area (in accordance with the German Genetic Engineering Act, Gesetz zur Regelung der Gentechnik,
GenTG). However, the genetically modified organisms are not contained in an end product since they are deactivated during the cleaning process and disposed of as biological waste.
All biotechnological activities at Merck are subject to strict legal regulations around the world, and biological safety officers monitor compliance with these regulations. In our work in this area, we adhere to clearly specified limits, which are based on both our respect for the life and dignity of people, and on legal requirements and restrictions.
Merck is strongly opposed to genetic engineering of the human germline and the reproductive cloning of human embryos and is therefore not involved in these research areas. In 2010, Merck confirmed its position, especially regarding stem cell and fertility research, in two guidelines that were approved by the Executive Board (Merck Stem Cell Policy, Merck Fertility Research Policy). The guidelines define how Merck conducts discovery and development and does business, and specify which limits apply. In this way, they create a balance between ethical and legal issues, between the benefits and the risks.
To ensure that the company meets its own high standards, we will establish a Merck Bioethics Advisory Board in 2011, which will act in an advisory capacity on bioethical issues. In the public debate, Merck supports stem cell research within clearly defined ethical and legal limits since this research can provide great benefits for human health and improve the quality of life.
